combination
electrode with DIN-plug |
...with BNC-plug |
pH-Quin-Teach®
FOR USE IN SCHOOL.
This
electrode has been developed especially for education purpose in
schools, universities and for occupational education. It consists
of a do-it-yourself kit (glass body, two quinhydrone composite electrodes
in the form of rubber plugs and brass wire for discharge) which
can be composed by the pupils, students or apprentices themselves.
One of the composite electrodes works as a reference electrode.
If a buffer solution of pH 7 is applied as a reference electrolyte
solution, the combined electrode indicates a potential of 0 V, if
the sample solution also has pH 7. Thus every kind of pH-meter can
be connected. So the theory of potentiometric methods, especially
pH-measurements as well as the relation of acid-base equilibria
and redox equilibria, can be understood through practical experimentation.
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A
New Generation of Versatile Calibration-free pH-Electrodes
There are many applications that require the analytical determination
of pH, both in the laboratory and within industry, and now with
the onset of new measuring techniques, such measurements are becoming
commonplace. Among the existing pH electrodes presently available
on the market, the most common electrodes are glass electrodes having
many disadvantages especially for untrained users (fragility, calibration
etc.). However, solid and strong pH-electrodes based on quinhydrone
can be used for pH-measurement without calibration. Applications
of the electrodes range from highly concentrated acid solutions
(especially hydrofluoric acid) to alcalic solutions of pH 11. Even
after large pH-steps, the reaction time is less than 15 sec. The
electrodes are temporally stable over several weeks, and they can
be regenerated easily. As opposed to the conventional quinhydrone
electrode, the solid pH-electrodes also can be used in solutions
containing oxidising or reducing components in low concentrations.
As the electrodes can be produced in several forms and sizes, many
new fields and applications can now be addressed in which the quality
of pH data could be improved and in areas where pH-measurements
were formally impossible.
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Another
type of pH-QuinTeach®
as do-it-yourself-kit,
new from our laboratory. |
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